DCLP Transcription [xml]
Introduction
Hippocrates, Prognostic 24-25, Aphorisms I 1-3. The artefact consists of a rather torn parchment sheet (11.4 x 15 cm) belonging to an elegant, squared codex originally preserving a single column of 33-34 lines with approximately 25-33 letters running per line. Though containing misspellings and phonetic mistakes (i.e. the common itacisms), the manuscript shows a refined layout. An introductory title is contained on side B: it is set in eisthesis at the top of the page and is separated from the main text by a blank space and horizontal strokes. The text on side B is supplemented with two short titles in the left margin summarizing the content of the related aphorisms. The beginning of the Aphorisms and the end of the Prognostic are contained respectively on the hair and flesh side; the order in which the treatises were copied in the codex finds parallels neither in medieval manuscripts nor in the medical curriculum of the School of Alexandria, where Aphorisms are always copied first. In addition, the Hippocratic text differs in a few points from ancient and Byzantine commentaries and has no particular affiliation with medieval manuscripts. In this respect, Roberts suggests that P.Ant. 28 might have been the local practitioner's vade mecum and the product of a local medical school. The manuscript is written in a small, rounded script characterized by a great variety in the size of letters. The same hand is responsible for the marginal notations. On paleographical grounds, the codex was dated to the second half of the 3rd c. AD by Roberts, whereas Fabrini - Manetti assigned it to the 5th c. AD.
This papyrus has been digitally edited by Francesca Corazza as part of the Project "DIGMEDTEXT - Online Humanities Scholarship: A Digital Medical Library based on Ancient Texts" (ERC-AdG-2013, Grant Agreement no. 339828) funded by the European Research Council at the University of Parma (Principal Investigator: Prof. Isabella Andorlini). The digital edition is mostly based on the previous editions (ed.pr. = C.H. Roberts, P.Ant. I 28; ed. alt. = P. Fabrini-D. Manetti, Corpus dei papiri filosofici 1.2.1, 18 1, p. 77-82; corr. = I. Andorlini, L'esegesi del libro tecnico: papiri di medicina con scoli e commento, in Papiri filosofici. Miscellanea di studi IV, Firenze 2003, 9-29)
ται· ((high-punctus)) χρὴ [δὲ τὸ]ν μέλλοντα ὀρθῶς̣ π̣ρο
γιγνώσκε[ι]ν τούς τε περιεσομένους
καὶ τοὺς [α]π̣ο̣θα̣νομενους(*)· ((high-punctus)) ὁκόσοις ἂν
5μελλει(*) [πλ]είονας ἡμέρας παραμένε[(ι)]
τὸ νόσημα καὶ τοῖς ἂν ελαττω ἐκμαν
θάνοντα τὰ σημεῖα πάντα δύνασθαι
κρίνειν λογιζομενον τὰς δυναμις(*) αὐ-
τέων π̣ρ̣ὸ̣ς ἀλλήλας ὥσπερ δὴ γέγρα-
10πται περὶ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ οὔρων καὶ
πτυέλων καὶ τῆς ὥρης ὅταν ὁμοῦ πῦ-
ον τε ἀναβήσσῃ καὶ χολὴν· ((high-punctus)) χρὴ δε
τὰς φορὰς τῶν νοσημάτων τάς τε
ὥ̣ρ̣ας καὶ χώρας τῶν ἐπιδημούντω(ν)
15ταχέως ενθυμασθαι(*) τάς τε ὥρας(*) τὴ(ν)
κατάστασιν̣ [εὖ μέντ]οι χρὴ ιδεναι(*)
περί τε τῶ̣[ν τεκμερι]ων καὶ τῶν ση-
μείων κ[αὶ μὴ λανθάνε]ιν ὅτι ἐν πα(ν)-
τὶ ετι(*) κα[ὶ ἐν πάσηι χώρηι τὰ κα]κὰ πονη-
20ρόν τι σ[ημανεῖ καὶ τὰ χρησ]τὰ ἀγαθὸ(ν)
επαι(*) [καὶ ἐν Λιβύηι καὶ ἐν Δήλωι] καὶ ἐν
Σκυ̣[θιηι φαίνεται ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ τὰ προγ]εγραμ-
μέν[α -ca.?- ]
κα[ὶ ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖσι χωρίοισιν οὐ-]
25δ[ὲν δεινὸν τὰ πολλαπλάσια ἐπιτυγ-]
χ[άνειν ἢν ἐκμαθών τις αὐτὰ λογίζεσ-]
θ[αι καὶ κρίνειν ὀρθῶς ἐπίστηται]
π[οθεῖν δὲ χρὴ οὐδενὸς νοσήματος ὄνο-]
μ[α ὅτι μὴ τυγχάνει ἐνθάδε γεγραμ-]
30μ[ένον -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ὁ βίος β[ρ]αχύ[ς ἡ δ]ὲ τέ[χνη] μακρή, ὁ δὲ
καιρὸς ὀξύς ἡ δὲ πεῖρα σφ[αλ]ερή ἡ δὲ
κρισεις(*) χαλεπή· ((high-punctus)) δεῖ δὲ ο[ὐ μ]όνον ἑωυ
——
5τὸν παρέχειν τὰ δέοντα̣(*) π̣ο̣ι̣έοντα
ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν νοσέ[ο]ντα καὶ τ̣[ο]ὺ̣ς̣ π̣α̣-
ρέοντας(*) καὶ τοὺς ἔ[ξω]θεν / ((high-punctus)) (*) ἐ[ν] τῇσι
——
ταραχῇσι τῇσι κοι[λ]ίῃσι̣(*) καὶ τοῖσι̣ν(*) αι-
μετοισιν(*) αὐτομάτοις γιγνομέ-
10νοισιν ἢν μὲν οἷα δεῖ καθαιρεσθε(*) καθε-
ρωντε(*) ξυμφέρει τε καὶ εὐφ[ό]ρως φέρου-
σιν εἰ δὲ μή τοὐναντίον· ((high-punctus)) ο[ὕ]τως καὶ
——
κενεαγγίην ἢν μὲν οἷα δεῖ γίγνεσ-
θαι γίγνηται, συμφέρει τε καὶ εὐφό̣-
15ρως(*) φέρουσιν εἰ δὲ μή τοὐναντίον.
επειβλεπειν(*) οὖ̣[ν δεῖ κα]ὶ(*) ὥρην καὶ
χώρην καὶ ἡ[λικίην καὶ ν]ούσους ἐν αἷ[ς]
ἢ δεῖ ἢ οὔ· ((high-punctus)) [ἐν τοῖσι γυμ]ναστικοῖ
——
σιν η(*) επα[κρον](*) [εὐεξίαι σφαλ]εραί ἢν
20ἐν τῷ ἐσ[χάτωι ἔωσιν· οὐ γὰρ] δύναν-
ται μέ[νειν ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ οὐδ]ὲ ἀτρε-
μέε[ιν](*) [ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐκ ἀτρεμέουσιν ο]ὐκέτι
[δύνανται ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον ἐπιδ]ιδό-
[ναι λείπεται οὖν ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον]· ((high-punctus))
25[τούτων οὖν εἵνεκεν τὴν εὐεξ]ίη(ν)
[λύειν συμφέρει μὴ βραδέως ἵνα] πά-
[λιν ἀρχὴν αναθρέψιος λαμβάνῃ τὸ σ]ῶμα
[μὴ δὲ τὰς συμπτώσιας ἐς τὸ ἔσχα]το(ν)
[ἄγειν σφαλερὸν γάρ ἀλλ' ὁκοίη ἂν] ἡ̣
30[φύσις ᾖ τοῦ μέλλοντος υπομένειν] ε̣ς
[τοῦτο ἄγειν ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ αἱ κεν]ώ̣-
[σιες αἱ ἑς τὸ ἔσχατον ἄγουσαι(*)] [σφαλ]ερ(αί)
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
marginalia b
Apparatus
^ A.4. l. [ἀ]π̣ο̣θα̣νουμένους
^ A.5. l. μέλληι
^ A.8. l. δυνάμεις
^ A.15. l. ἐνθυμεῖσθαι
^ A.15. l. τῆς τε ωρης
^ A.16. l. εἰδέναι
^ A.19. l. ἔτει
^ A.21. l. ἐπεὶ
^ B.4. l. κρίσις
^ B.5. δέοντα Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.6-7. π̣α|ρέοντας Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.7. vac. ? . Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.8. κοι[λ]ίῃσ[ι] Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.8. τοῖσιν Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.8-9. l. ἐ|μέτοισιν
^ B.10. l. καθαίρεσθαι
^ B.10-11. l. καθαί|ρωνται
^ B.14-15. εὐφό|ρως Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.16. l. ἐπιβλέπειν
^ B.16. [κα]ὶ̣ Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.19. l. αἱ
^ B.19. ἐπ' ἄ̣[κρον] Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.21-22. ἀτρε|μέε̣[ιν] Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.32. ἐοῦσαι Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.b.1,ms. τῶ(ν) Fabrini-Manetti
^ B.b.3,ms. [ -ca.?- ]ε̣ω̣ς Andorlini : [λυσ]ε̣ω̣ς̣ Fabrini-Manetti
Notes
- 4.
The punctuation before οκοσοις is meaningless. In MSS we have οισι or οσοισι.
- 11-12.
Though attested in every manuscript, the οταν clause has been rejected by modern scholars, i.e. Gomperz, Wilamowitz, Jones, since it destroys the balance of the sentence. The expression και της ωρης is found in no other manuscript and is probably wrong. It could be a gloss of φορας in l. 13 inserted in the wrong place.
- 15.
After ενθυμασθαι all manuscripts, with the exception of M, have καὶ μὴ λανθάνειν.
- 17.
All MSS read ἄλλων before ση-μείων. It is also contained in Galens' text and Stephanus' commentary, but from their discussion it is clear that ἄλλων was regarded as technically unnecessary.
- 18.
και μη λανθανειν is omitted in V.
- 19-20.
πονη-ρον: κακὸν in MSS, Galen and Stephanus.
- 20.
τι omitted in M.
- 22-24.
The multiple MSS variants in this sentence do not allow to satisfactorily restore the lacuna. In l. 22 there is room for a further seven letters. After προγεγραμμένα the MSS read σημεῖα ἀληθεύοντα and εὖν χρὴ εἰδέναι ὄτι. It might be assumed that in l. 22 the scribe read τα σημεια after φαινεται, leaving room for ευ ουν χρη after αληθευοντα in l. 23.
- 25.
According to a count of the letters, τὸ μὴ οὐχί, preserved in the best MSS, is omitted in the papyrus.
- 26-27.
κρίνειν καὶ λογίζεσται MSS.
- 30.
Traces of a colophon are preserved in the margin below this line. Another four lines would be required to finish the Prognostic.
- 4.
Unlike most MSS, the paragraphos in the papyrus text indicates the beginning of a new aphorism. Such division is not approved by Galen, but he mentions the view that this passage forms not one but two aphorisms.
- 7.
τὰ ἔξωθεν is the unanimous tradition of the MSS.
- 10.
For the marginal heading, cf. περὶ τῆς αὑτομάτου ταραχῆς τῆς γαστρός in C'O' and the περὶ ταραχῆς κοιλίας καὶ ἑμέτων of C.
- 12.
The paragraphos splits the aphorism into two, but no parallel is attested in the ancient tradition.
- 13.
The accusative κενεαγγίην is wrong but it is to be preferred than κενεαγγείη attested in MSS.
- 17.
ἐν οἶσι Q; ἡ εἰσὶ καὶ διου C'.
- 20.
πτ]ως in the marginal heading may be abbreviated for πτώσιος. Alternatively we should expect πληρ]ωσ(ιος).