DCLP Transcription [xml]
Introduction
Medical treatise. Fragment (16.7 x 26 cm) of a papyrus roll cut in the shape of a half-circle to fit over the chest of a human mummy. Recto bears remains of six columns of writing: coll. II-III are almost complete, while coll. I and IV appear to be more severely damaged. The other two columns (V-VI) preserve no more than a few lines each. Top and bottom margin of ca. 2.5. cm have survived. Paragraphoi and double-dots regularly mark the end of a textual section or indicate a sense break within it (coll. I, 17, 31; II, 23, 29; III, 11, 18, 22, 25, 33). Stichometric signs are systematically employed: every 20 lines a dot is inserted in the left margin; at col. IV, l. 1 an omega expresses the line number (most probably 4800 and not 2400, see Römer 1997, 3-4 [= P. Köln 8.327]). The papyrus contains an unknown medical text, describing symptoms and causes of high fevers; the clinical presentation perfectly overlaps with that of burning fevers (καυσώδεις πυρετοί, see Gal. Def.med. 188 [19, 399 K]). For this reason, the fragment was probably part of a lost treatise Περὶ καυσωδῶν πυρετῶν or, more simply, Περὶ πυρετῶν. Contents and stylistic features may suggest a tentative attribution to Erasistratus or his school (see Römer 1997, 8-11). The script is an elegant Ptolemaic bookhand dating back to the early 2nd or late 3rd cent. BC.
[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]
5[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣πει ̣ ̣δ̣ι̣(*)
[ -ca.?- ] ἐστιν παρα
[ -ca.?- ] ̣ καὶ ἀεί τι
[ἐκ τῶν φλ]εβῶν συγκατα-
10[φέρεσθαι](*) ἐν τῶι οὔρωι καὶ
[ -ca.?- ](*) κ̣ωμαίνειν καὶ οὐ
[ -ca.?- ]ο̣ντας(*) ἐν τῆι κύστει
[ ̣ ̣ ̣ ὥστ]ε(*) μὴ οὐρεῖν καὶ οὐ-
[ροῦν]τας λανθάνειν· ὡσαύ-
15[τως] δ̣ὲ καὶ τὰς περὶ τὴν
[κοιλ]ί̣αν ὑποχωρήσεις ἔ-
[χειν]· ἔτι δὲ καὶ τὸ στόμα
[φλε]γματῶδες αὐτοῖ̣ς̣ εἶ̣-
[ναι·] καὶ ἐπειδή τινα χρώ̣-
20[μα]τ̣α ἐκ τῶν φλεβῶν τῶι
[στό]μ̣ατι συναναφέρε-
[ται], καὶ ἐπίχροι̣ον μέλαν
[ἐπὶ] τῆς γλώσσης αὐτοῖς
[γίν]ε̣σθαι οὐκ ἄλογόν ἐστιν·
25[ἐν] δὲ καυσώδεσιν πυρε-
[τοῖς] ἐ̣πειδὴ ὅμοιόν ἐστιν
[ἐρυσι]π̣έλατι περὶ τὸ ἧ-
[παρ γι]νόμενον, καὶ ἐν τού-
[τωι τ]ῶι πάθει πλείστη
30[ἐστὶν ὑ]πὸ τῆς σήψεως θερ-
[μασία γ]εννωμένη· τὴν
[δὲ θερμα]σίαν ὀξεῖαν εἶναι
[εὔλογον](*) πυρετοῦ συμπε-
[σόντος, ἐ]πειδὴ ὁ σφυ-
35[γμὸς ἐκ τ]ῆς θερμασίας
[ -ca.?- ] ̣μει
[ -ca.?- ](*)
[ -ca.?- ]
5[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- τὸν σφυγμὸν]
πυκνότερον γίνεσθαι·
ἔτι δὲ καὶ περὶ τὸ στόμα
(added at left: ((dot)) ) καὶ τὴγ γλῶσσαν καὶ
10τὸν χρῶτα τὸν περὶ ὅλον
τὸ σῶμα ξηρασίαν εἶναι
σφοδροτάτην ἐν τού-
τοις τοῖς πυρετοῖς, ἐπει-
δὴ ἡ θερμασία ἀναξη-
15ραίνειν πέφυκεν· καὶ ἐ-
πειδὴ μᾶλλον χειμαινο-
μένων τῶν περὶ τὸν πλεύ-
μονα καὶ τὴν καρδίαν
καὶ μείζω<ν> καὶ πυκνοτέ-
20ρα ἡ τοῦ πλεύμονος διά-
στασις γίνεται, εἴη ἂν καὶ
μείζω<ν> καὶ πυκνοτέρα ἡ
ἀναπνοὴ γινομένη· γι -
——
νομένης δὲ δίψης καὶ
25ἐν τῶι θερμαίνεσθαι τοὺς
ἐπιθυμητικοὺς τόπους,
εὔλογον καὶ δίψας αὐτοῖς
γίνεσθαι καὶ ψυχροῦ πο-
(added at left: ((dot)) ) τοῦ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν·
——
30φλεγμονῆς τ'ἐνούσης
καὶ κίνησιν ὁμοίαν αἰσθη-
τικῇ διατελεῖν ἐνοῦ-
σαν καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ καύμα-
τος πολλοῦ ἐνόντος αἴ-
35σθησιν παρακολουθεῖν,
ὥστε ἢ ἀγρυπνίαν καὶ
[δεις αὐ]τοὺς γινομέ-
[νους -ca.?- ]ι̣σ ̣ ̣ν(*)
[ -ca.?- ]τ̣ο πολὺ
5[ -ca.?- γ]ί̣νεσθαι
[ -ca.?- ] ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣[π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι πυρε-
τοῖς(*), ἐπειδὴ τὸ ὑγρόν
ἐστιν τὸ κατὰ τὰς φλ̣έβας
οὔτε ἀναμεμειγμένον
10οὔτε ὁμαλῶς τεθερ-
μασμένον· φρίκας τε
——
οὐκ ἄλογόν ἐστιν γίνεσ<θαι>·
(added at left: ((dot)) ) ἐγ γὰρ τῶι τὴν θερμασί-
αν διεκπίπτειν ἔσονταί
15τινα τῶν ὑγρῶν κατεψυ-
γμένα, ἃ ἐμπίπτοντα
εἰς τὴν ἀρτηρίαν φρίκην
ποιήσει· καὶ τῶι ἀνωμά -
——
λως εἶναι τὸ ὑγρὸν διακεί-
20μενον οὐκ εὐχερῶς αἱ φλέ-
βες ταῖς ἀρτηρίαις ἐν τῆι
διαστάσει ὑποχωρή[σο]υσιν,
——
οὐδὲ διὰ τῶν ὑγρῶν ῥαι-
δίως ἔσται τὸ πνεῦμα δι-
25αδιδόμενον, ὥστε β[α]ρύ
——
τερον ἔσται τὸ σῶμα· καὶ
ἅμα τῆι τῆς θερμασίας
ἐκκρίσει πολύυγρον ἔσται
τὸ συνεκκρινόμενον καὶ
30παρὰ τὸ μὴ ὁμαλῶς τε-
θερμάνθαι καὶ ψύξιν ἔ-
χειν, ὥστ' εἶναι ψυχρὸν τὸν
(added at left: ((dot)) ) γινόμενον ἱδρῶτα· ἔτι δὲ
——
καὶ μὴ εὔχρουν εἶναι πολ-
35λοῦ ὄντος τοῦ ὑγροῦ καὶ
18(added at left: ω̅) ̣[ -ca.?- ]
̣[ -ca.?- ]
20δ̣[ -ca.?- ]
̣[ -ca.?- ]
̣[ -ca.?- ]
ε[ -ca.?- ]
τ[ -ca.?- ]
25δ[ -ca.?- ]
——
τ[ -ca.?- ]
ε ̣[ -ca.?- ]
ρ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
κ[ -ca.?- ]
30π[ -ca.?- ]
ε ̣[ -ca.?- ]
ρα̣[ -ca.?- ]
τ[ -ca.?- ]
κ[ -ca.?- ]
35τ[ -ca.?- ]
ρ[ -ca.?- ]
——
column vi
δέοντος ἀγρυπνεῖν κα[ὶ]
διψωδεστέρους εἶναι
καὶ ὅσωι ἂν πονηροτε-
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Apparatus
^ i.6. or ε̣πει̣δ̣η̣
^ i.9-10. or συγκατα|[φέρεται]
^ i.11. or [αὐτοὺς]
^ i.11-12. or οὖ|[ρον κατέχ]ο̣ντας
^ i.13. or [ἀεὶ, ὥστ]ε, or [ἐνίοτ]ε
^ i.33. or [αὐτοῖς]
^ ii.1-3. or [τῆς ἐ]ν τῶι πυρέσσειν|[γινομένης ἐστὶ]ν̣ μεί|[ζων τοῦ κατὰ φύσιν -ca.?- ]
^ iii.3. or ι̣σ̣τ̣η̣ν
^ iii.4-7. or [ὃ ἐπὶ] τ̣ὸ πολύ|[συμβαίνει γ]ί̣νεσθαι|[ἐ]ν̣ τ̣ο̣ῖ̣ς̣ [π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι πυρε|τοῖς
Notes
- col. i, l. 17.
: ετι pap.
- 27.
[ἐρυσι]π̣έλατι: ἐρυσίπελας (‘erysipelas’, LSJ) is a purulent inflammation affecting the internal organs, including liver (see e.g. Gal. Loc.aff. 5.7 [8, 348-9 K]).
- 31.
: την pap.
- col. i, l. 34 - col. ii, l. 3.
[ἐ]πειδὴ ὁ σφυ[γμὸς ἐκ τ]ῆς θερμασίας [τῆς ἐ]ν τῶι πυρέσσειν [γινομένης ἐστὶ]ν̣ μεί[ζων τοῦ κατὰ φύσιν]: see Gal. Caus.puls. 10 (9, 48 K) and P. Mil. 1.18 with Gronewald 1980, 56.
- col. ii, ll. 25-6.
The iunctura ἐπιθυμετικοὶ τόποι has so far not been attested. Philosophers and physicians usually situate the ἐπιθυμητικόν (i.e. that part of the soul which is the seat of the desires and affections) in a specific place: see Pl. Ti. 70d-e; Gal. Plac. Hipp. et Plat. 3.1.14-5 (CMG 5.4.1.2, 170 De Lacy).
- 36.
και : pap. The purpose of the double dots at the end of the line is unclear, see Römer 1997, 3, 23.
- col. iii, 4-6.
[ὃ ἐπὶ] τὸ πολύ [συμβαίνει γ]ί̣νεσθαι [ἐ]ν̣ τ̣ο̣ῖ̣ς̣ [π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι πυρετοῖς: see P. Mil. 1.18 with Gronewald 1980, 56. 6: The diacritic sign χ is generally employed to point out unusual words and forms. Here it most probably refers to [π]ε̣ρ̣ιυγροῦσι, a dative form from περιυγρέω (‘to be completely wet’; not recorded in LSJ); see Römer 1997, 23.
- 11.
: φρικας pap.
- 18.
: και pap.
- 25.
: ωστε pap.
- 32.
ωστ’ pap.
- 33.
: ετι pap.