DCLP Transcription [xml]
Introduction
Fragments from a composite medical roll (P.Oxy. LII 3654v + II 234v). Two papyri, published separately, recognized by Andorlini 1992 as likely belonging to the same roll on palaeographical al bibliogical grounds. They were part of a composite treatise, as the difference in content suggests. Both were written on the verso of a documentary roll (parts of a memorandum concerning a lease, dated to the second half of the 2nd or the beginning of the 2rd cent. AD, survive on P.Oxy. 234r) in a round upright, medium-sized uncial handwriting dated between the end of the 2nd and the first half of the 3rd cent. AD.
The first papyrus (A = P.Oxy. 3654v), scattered in several fragments, contains therapeutic definitions referred to the Methodist school, presented in the catechistic format of the erotapokrisis (question and answer: cf. fr. 8,7). It may well represent the introductory section of a manual that could have comprised, perhaps in a following doxographical section, also the prescriptions of Papyrus B. Its high degree of fragmentation suggests its original collocation at the beginning of the roll, the part most subject to damages.
The second papyrus (B = P.Oxy. 234v) contains medical prescriptions; the only readable column preserves ten remedies for earache, grouped by typology. Paragraphoi are used to seprate the receipts from each other; eistheseis mark the different groups of recipes (ll. 36-7 and 23-4); punctuation was used (a high point survives at l. 19); horizontal dashes are added at the end of the shorter lines (unfortunately omitted in the ed.pr. - a photo of the papyrus is not available online). It is very likely that the text represents a part of the Euporista written by Herophilean physician Apollonius Mys, active in Alexandria towards the end of the 1st cent. BC. (see commentary below).
fragment 1+5+2
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]επ̣[ -ca.?- ]
τατ̣[ -ca.?- ]
τουσ̣[ -ca.?- ]
5σμων(*) [ -ca.?- ]
τ̣α̣ αν[ -ca.?- ]
φρισ̣μ̣[ -ca.?- ]
λυν̣τ̣[ -ca.?- ](*)
χρον̣ ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
10διαναστ̣[ -ca.?- ](*) [ -ca.?- ]
θισταντ̣[αι (?)](*) [ -ca.?- -ca.?- ](*)
θεραπεύ[ειν](*) [ -ca.?- -ca.?- ]
π̣τικο̣ν̣[ -ca.?- ](*)
τ̣ο̣υσπ̣[ -ca.?- ](*)
15χαλα[ -ca.?- ](*)
χρονι̣σ̣η̣[ -ca.?- ]
αὐτῷ̣(*) πτ̣[ -ca.?- ]
β̣α̣ί̣νοντ[αι (?)](*) [ -ca.?- ]
̣ο̣ ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]ων[ -ca.?- ]
20χρόν̣ο̣ν χ[ -ca.?- ]
κα̣ι π̣α̣ρ̣η[ -ca.?- ]
τὰ(*) δὲ τα[ὔτα -ca.?- ]
ταμ(*) ̣[ -ca.?- ]
κ[ -ca.?- ]θ̣εσ̣[ -ca.?- ]
25[ -ca.?- ] ̣μ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]π̣α̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ωσ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ωνι̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]να ̣(*)[ -ca.?- ]
5[ -ca.?- ]ι̣σα[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ενα[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]εστ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]α̣τα[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ερατ̣[ -ca.?- ]
10[ -ca.?- ]ντ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]αιρω̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ων[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]αιτ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ]εν ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]αλη[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ουσα̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]σ̣επ[ -ca.?- ]
5[ -ca.?- ]ν̣το̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣(*)ιτ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣ν[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
[ -ca.?- ]στ̣εγνω[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ε[ ̣κ]ο̣ι̣νο[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]τ̣ρ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ ̣ ̣ ̣] ̣α̣ν(*)
[τὶ εστιν](*) κ̣ατ̣ὰ̣ δ̣[ύ]ν̣α-
[μιν ὁμο]ι̣ότης(*) κα̣θ ὁ-
5[μοιαν (?)](*) [ἀν]θρωπότητα
[ -ca.?- ] καὶ κ̣οινὴ
[ -ca.?- ]ν̣ει̣ ̣ ̣[ ̣ ̣ ̣] ̣ε ̣
[ -ca.?- ]δει̣η̣ ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ἀν[θ]ρ̣ω[π -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1τ̣ῶ̣ν ὁ̣μ̣ο̣ί̣ω̣[ν σ]ω̣μ̣[α]
τῶν κατ ἐ[ξο]χ̣η[ν δὲ]
λέγεται κο[ι]νό̣τ[ης]
παρὰ τῇ Μεθ̣ό̣δ̣ῳ κ̣[οινό-]
5της προσεχὴς̣ κα[ὶ] ἀ-
ναγκαία κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἐνεργής̣.
τί ἐστιν κο[ι]νότης; ἡ δι-
ὰ τῶν ἀνομοίων κα-
τὰ φαντασ̣ί̣αν διή-
10[κ]ο̣υσα κατὰ̣ δ̣ύναμιν
ὁμοιότης προσεχὴς
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣ ̣ν[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]μει̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]συν ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣(*)ει̣να̣[ -ca.?- ]
5[ -ca.?- ]καιτ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣ο̣τη[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ε̣νη ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]η̣σθα ̣(*)[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣(*)ομ[ -ca.?- ]
10[ -ca.?- ]σ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣(*)φε̣ρ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣(*)ρομ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]κ̣οιν[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣ ̣ ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]δ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]ση̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]oι̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
1[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ]νηηδ[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣μ̣εν ̣[ -ca.?- ]
[ -ca.?- ] ̣[ -ca.?- ]
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
column 1
column 2
κωνίου ἴσον φώσας(*)
ἐπ' [ὀ]στράκου μάλιστα
[μὲ]ν ʹΑττικοῦ, εἰ δὲ
5μή, ῥωι(*)στικοῦ(*), καὶ λεά-
νας διεὶς γλυκεῖ χλιά-
νας ἔνσταζε. vac. ? ἄλλο.
——
χαλβάνην σουσίνῳ
μύρῳ διεὶς πρόσμιξον
10μέλι καὶ ῥόδινον, κα[ὶ]
οἰσυπηρὸν ἔριον πε-
ρὶ μηλωτρίδα συστρέ-
ψας καὶ χλιαίνων ἔν-
σταζε. vac. ? ἄλλο. vac. ? ῥοῶν
——
15κυτίνους μεμυκό-
τας τρίψας καὶ κρόκου
ὕδωρ ἐπιστάξας ὅ-
ταν ῥυπῶδες γένη-
ται ἀνάλαβε· ((high-punctus)) πρὸς
20[δ]ὲ τὴν χρείαν ἡλίκον
[ὀ]ρόβῳ(*) ἐν γλυκεῖ διεὶς
[κ]αὶ χλιάνας ἔνσταζε.
vac. 1 line
ἔνθετα εἰς τ[ὸ]
οὖς πρὸς πόνους.
25[στ]υπτηρίαν Αἰγυπτί-
[αν] τρίψας ὅσον ὄρο-
[βο]ν ἔνθες εἰς τὸ οὖς.
[ἄλλο]. φύλλον περσέας
[ἀλ]είψας(*) ἔνθες. vac. ? ἄλ[λο].
30[χολ]ὴν βοὸς κροκύδ[ι](*)
[λειώ]σας(*) χρησίμως
[καὶ] συστρέψας ἔνθες.
[ἄλλ]ο. vac. ? σμύρναν καὶ
[στυ]πτηρίαν ἴσα τρί-
35[ψας] ἔνθες.
κ̣λυσμοὶ ὠτὸς
[πρ(ὸς)](*) πόνους.
[λιβ]ανωτὸν οἴνῳ
[διεὶ]ς ἡδίστῳ κλύζε
40[τὸ ο]ὖς, καὶ οὕτως χρῶ
[το]ῖ[ς] προγεγραμμέ-
[νο]ις ἐγχύμασιν.
——
[ἄλ]λο. vac. ? πράσου χυλὸν
[θε]ρμὸν ἔνκλυζε.
——
45[ἄλ]λο. vac. ? χολῇ ταυρείᾳ
[ἢ κ]αὶ αἰγείᾳ ἢ προβατείᾳ
[ἤ] τινα(*) παραπλησίᾳ
——
[θε]ρμῇ κλύζε. ἄλλο.
[λε]ύκης(*) χυλῷ θερμῷ
50[π]αραπλησίως.
Apparatus
^ A.1+5+2.4-5. or [ -ca.?- σπα]|σμῶν (?)
^ A.1+5+2.7-8. or [ -ca.?- ἀπόλ]|λυν̣τ̣[αι -ca.?- ]
^ A.1+5+2.10. or διαναστ̣[άντες (?) -ca.?- ], or διαναστ̣[άντας (?) -ca.?- ], διαναστ̣[ -ca.?- ] (or δι’ἀναστ̣[ομώσεως]) prev. ed.
^ A.1+5+2.10-11. or [κα]|θίσταντ̣[αι (?)]
^ A.1+5+2.11. or [πῶς δὲ]
^ A.1+5+2.12. [ -ca.?- ]θεραπευ[ -ca.?- ] (or [ -ca.?- ]θεράπευ[σις]) prev. ed.
^ A.1+5+2.12-13. or [ἐπιλη]|π̣τικό̣ν̣ [ -ca.?- ], or [ἐπιλη]|π̣τικο̣ύ̣[ς (?) -ca.?- ]
^ A.1+5+2.14. or τ̣ο̣ῦ σπ̣[ασμοῦ (?) -ca.?- ]
^ A.1+5+2.15. or χαλα[στικοῖς (?) -ca.?- ]
^ A.1+5+2.17. αυτου̣ prev. ed.
^ A.1+5+2.17-18. or πτ̣[ύσεις συμ]|β̣α̣ί̣νοντ[αι (?)]
^ A.1+5+2.21-22. or π̣α̣ρ̣η[γορικῶς] (or π̣α̣ρ̣η[γορεῖν] or π̣α̣ρ̣η[γορικὰ] or π̣α̣ρ̣η[γορικοῖς]) [με]|τὰ
^ A.1+5+2.23. ταμ ̣[ -ca.?- ]ταμ corr. ex ⟦παρ⟧
^ A.3.4. or γ̣
^ A.4.6. or α̣
^ A.7.2. or [κατὰ φα]ν̣[τασ]ι̣α̣ν
^ A.7.3. [ -ca.?- ] (or [διήκουσα]) prev. ed.
^ A.7.4. or [κοι]ν̣ότης (?)
^ A.7.4-5. ο | [ -ca.?- ] prev. ed.
^ A.9.4. or κ̣
^ A.9.8. or ι̣
^ A.9.9. or ρ̣
^ A.10.1. or α̣, or λ̣
^ A.10.2. or κ̣
^ B.2.1. l. καστορίου
^ B.2.2. l. φώξας
^ B.2.5. l. Ῥωμαικοῦ : ρωϊστικου papyrus
^ B.2.21. l. ὄροβον
^ B.2.29. or [τρ]είψας(?)
^ B.2.30. l. κροκίδ[ι]
^ B.2.31. ex Alex.Trall. II 75,16 : [ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣]σας prev. ed.
^ B.2.37. I. Andorlini (by analogy with ll. 23-4) (via PN) : | [πρὸς] prev. ed.
^ B.2.47. l. τινι
^ B.2.49. ex Dsc. Mat.med. I 81 : [πε]ύκης prev. ed.
Notes
- 2-11.
Symptoms (e.g. ἀφρισμός "frothing") of an acute disease (epilepsy?) with a mortal outcome (ἀπόλλυνται); some patients recover (διαναστάντες) and stabilize (καθίστανται) in a chronic phase (χρον-) (?).
- 11-27.
Description of a therapeutic method (θεραπεύειν) introduced by a question in ekthesis (ll. 11-12; cf. fr. 8, 7). It could be a laxative procedure (χαλα-) probably related to chronic diseases (χρόνον etc.), such as epilepsy as treated above (cf. poss. ἐπιληπτικόν).
- 11 ff..
Description of a therapeutic method (θεραπεύειν), introduced by a question (ll. 11-12)
- 7-11.
Introduced by another question in ekthesis (cf. fr. 1+5+2, 11-12), the definition of κοινότης ("pathologic generality") corresponds to that provided by Thessalus, refounder of the Methodist school (cf. Gal. De sect. 6 = III 14,7-8 K.; ibid. 12,21 ff.; Ps.Gal. Def.med. 17 = XIV 353,13-14 K.). It involves the concepts of ὁμοιότης ("similarity": cf. fr. 7) and perhaps also ἀνθρωπότης (cf. ἀνθρωπότητα fr. 7). The idea of the analogy is paralleled by Ps.Gal. Intr. 2-3 (XIV 678-83 K.) as a theoretical common background to the Dogmatic, the Methodist, and the Empirical schools. Therefore our text may well have contained an "external" overview of the Methodist school.
- 1-7.
"another one made of castor and poppy juice": = Apoll. ap. Gal. Comp.sec.loc. III (XII 616,18-617,2); cf. Alex.Trall. II 81.
- 7-14.
"another one made of galban and balm of lily of the valley": = Apoll. ap. Gal. op.cit. 617,9-11; cf. Dsc. Mat.med. I 52.
- 14-22.
"another one made of chalice of pomegranate flower in crocus water": cf. Gal. op.cit. 647-8 passim (ex Apoll.), 636,18 (ex Asklep.), 649,7 (ex Apoll.); cf. Dsc. Mat.med. I 110; Alex.Trall. II 87.
- 23-27.
Heading of a new typological group: "medical caps against the pain made of Egyptian alum" (cf. Apoll. ap. Gal. op.cit. 651,16-17).
- 28-29.
"another one made of Persea": cf. Dsc. Mat.med. I 129.
- 29-32.
"another one made of ox bile": cf. Apoll. ap Gal. op.cit. 651,14; Alex.Trall. II 75,16 (cf. Aet. VI 81).
- 33-35.
"another one made of Egyptian alum and myrrh" (unparalleled).
- 36-42.
Heading of a new typological group: "analgesic irrigations made of incense and wine" (cf. Dsc. Mat.med.I 68,22-24; Alex.Trall. II 89,10).
- 43-44.
"another one made of onion juice": cf. Apoll. ap. Gal. op.cit. 651,13 (from which Ps.Gal. Eup. I 3 = XIV 333,16-17); Aet. VI 86; Alex.Trall. II 73,18.
- 45-48.
"another one made of bull or goat or sheep bile": cf. Apoll. ap. Gal. op.cit. 648,4-7 and 651,14; Alex.Trall. II 73,23.
- 48-50.
"another one made of poplar (leaf) juice": cf. Dsc. Mat.med. I 81.